Rise of Empires - Ottoman Empire Sultans: Mehmed The Conqueror | Battle of Constantinople |

Mehmed The Conqueror | Battle of Constantinople | Fetih 1453 | 

Sultan Mehmed II jinhein saleebi aur europe ke log Mehmed The Conquerer ke naam se jante hain aur jinhein MEHMED II, MEHMED - I - SANI, ABUL FATEH, FATEH SULTAN, THE FATHER OF CONQUEST jayse laqab o khitab hasil hain,

SULTAN MUHAMMED II
MEHMED THE CONQUERER
FATEH - E - QUSTUNTUNIYYA
AL FATIH

ASSALAMU ALAYKUM 

Khush Aamdeed

MUHAMMED THE CONQUERER - 1. PART (URDU)

aur jinki peshan goyi khud HAZRAT MUHAMMED SALLALLAHU ALAYHI VASALLAM ne 1400 saal pahle kuch is tarah se ki thi ki, "kustuntuniya zarur fatah hoga us faateh ka lashqar bahtareen lashqar hoga aur us lashkar ke sipahi bahtareen jangju hoga".

aapki paydaish 30 march 1432 me turkey ke Edirne shahar me hui thi. aapke vaali sultan murad sani the aur valida ka naam huma hatun tha. pahli hukmrani (august 1444 - september 1446 )ke dauraan john hunyadi ki rahnumayi wale hungarian daste ko haraya.

sultan murad II ne 1444 ko doosri hukmraani (3 february 1451 - 3 may 1481) ke dauraan aapne usmani jangjuon ko mazboot kiya aur kustuntuniya ko fatah karne ki tayyariyaan shuru kardi. 21 saal ki umr me is azeem fateh kustuntuniyya par fatah hasil kar zalim bazanteeniyon ka khatma kiya.

 is fatah ke baad aapko qaysare room ka khitab mila. sultan muhammed al fatih ne apni doosri takhnasheeni ke sath magribi aur mashriqi europe, bosnia aur anatolia me apni futuhaat ka silsila musalsal zari rakha. 

SULTAN MUHAMMED AL FATIH KE DAURE HUKUMAT KE DAURAAN SALTANATE USMANIYA 1451 ISVI

aapne siyasat me kayi sudhaar kiye aapne fanon latifa (art) aur science ke talabaa (students) ki haunsla aafzayi ki. aapko jadeed turkey aur vaseey alame islam me maseeha ke taur par dekha jata hai. unke naam par turkey me ek masjid ka naam rakha gaya hai. fatah ke baad aapne europe aur asia ke barre azamon ko jodne wala ek pul tameer karwaya tha.

jab sultan 11 saal ke the to unhein sultan murad II ne do isatzah aur 2 lala (salahkaron) ke sath turkon ki rivayaat ke mutabik hukmrani ka tajurba karane ke liye amasya bheja tha. duniyavi taleem ke sath sath unhein deeni talimaat bhi di gayi thi. is deeni taleemat ne sultan muhameed al fatih ki zahniyat ko dhalne aur unke imaan ko mazboot karne ka kaam kiya.
sultan muhammed al fatih ke ustad ka naam imam gurani tha jo unhein science aur doosri kayi tarah ki taleemaat faraham kiya karte the. sultan muhammed al fatih ne unke nakta nazar ki payrvi ki.

12 june 1444 me sultan murad sani ke hungary ke sath sulah kar lene ke baad july 1444 me apna takht apne 12 saala bete shahzade muhammed al fatih ke naam kar diya. kyuki 1443 me sultan murad sani ke sabse bade bete alaaddin ka 1443 me amasya me achanak maut ka shikar ho jane se sultan murad II gahre sadme me doob gaye the, jiske chalte unki halat marne jaisi ho gayi thi.

lekin 2 saal bimaar rahne ke baad sultan murad sani ko bimari se shifa ata hui aur sultan murad sani phir takhtnasheen hue. Hungary ke ek saleebi paadri ke numainde cardinal julian cesarini ne hungary ke badshah ko yaqeen dilaya gaya tha ki musalmaanon ke sath jang bandi karna khayanat nahi hai sultan murad ke aisa karne par sultan muhammed al fatih ne unse hungary ko fatah karne ka mashvara diya, lekin sultan murad sani ne is se inkaar kar diya. 

17th sadi ke muarrikheen ke mutabik us vaqt shahzade muhammed al fatih ne khat ke zariye apne valid sultan murad sani ko kaha ki, "agar aap sultan hain to aayein aur apne jangjuon ki maydane jang me rahnumayi karein aur agar sultaniyat meri hai to me aapko ye hukm deta hoon ki aap aayein aur apne jangjuon ki rahnumai karein". tab sultan murad sani ne apne jangjuon ki rahnumai karte hue 10 november 1444 ko jange varna me fatah haasil ki.   

usi saal hungary ke naye badshah ke zariye apne jasoos riyasate usmania me bhejkar sulah ke qavaid ko tode jane se sultan muhammed al fatih ne john hunyadi ki sarbarahi wali saleebi jang ko september 1444 me shikast di. 1446 me sultan murad sani dobara takht nasheen hue sultan muhammed al fatih ne apne sultan ke laqab ko zari rakhte hue manisa ke haakim ke taur par kaam kiya. 1451 me sultan murad sani ki maut ke baad sultan muhammed al fatih ne ek baar phir takht sambhala.

1481 me jab sultan muhammed al fatih maltepe par chadhai ki tayyari kar rahe the usi dauraan istanbul pahunchne par sultan beemaar ho gaye. sultan rhodes aur italy ko fatah karne ke liye muhim bhi chala rahe the. kuch muarrikheen ke mutabik aapka agla hadaf misr ki mamluk saltanat ko ukhaad kar fenkna tha sath hi aap khilafat ka dava karne vale the. lekin lekin 3 may 1481 ko mahaz 39 saal ki umr me turkey ke shahar hunkar chayiri me hi ye zari sher vapis apne rab ki aur laut gaya. unhe fatih masjid ke paas dafnaya gaya hai.

muarrikh colllin heywood ke mutabiq sultan muhammed al fatih ko mumkini taur par unke sabse bade bete aur varis bayezid sani ke kahne se zahar diya gaya tha.
sultan muhammed al fatih ki maut ki khabar sunte hi europe ki riyasaton me jashn manaya gaya aur vahaan ke girjon me ghante bajne lage.

venice shahar me vahaan ki zabaan me ghante ke zariye is tarah ka eylaan kiya gaya ki, "La Grande Aquila E Morta", yaani ; "Azeem Uqaab (Shaheen / Baaz / Eagle) Mar Chuka Hai". sultan sulayman se bahut pahle hi sultan muhammed al fatih ko muzrimana aur aaeeni kanoon qavaid ko maysaaq jumahurriyat karne vale pahle sultan ke taur par darja hasil hai. is tarah unhone khud mukhtaar turk sultan ki akhlaqi tasveer qayam ki.

sultan muhammed al fatih ne apne 31 saal ke daure hukumat me kayi jangein jeetkar anatolian - turk riyasaton, asia minor, bosnia, serbia,  aur albania ke khitton par fatahyaab hokar ek azeem muslim saltanat kayam ki. sultan muhammed al fatih ne islami aur isai duniya me ek mutassir kun vaqar hasil kiya.